3. Chapter 3: Networking and Internetworking

3.5. Data Streaming

  • Transmission of audio and video in real time.
  • Required higher bandwidths and bounded latencies.
  • Depends upon the availability of connections with adequate quality of service – bandwidth, latency and reliability
  • Ability to established a channel from the source to the destination of a multimedia stream, with a predefined route through the network, 
    • a reserved set of resources at each node through which it will travel and buffering where appropriate to smooth any irregularities in the flow of data through the channel.  
  • ATM networks
    • provide high bandwidth and low latencies.
  • IPv6 has features that enable each of the IP packets in a real-time stream to be identified and treat separately from other data at the network level.
  • RSVP (Resource Reservation Protocol)
    • Zhang et al. 1993
    • Enables applications to negotiate the pre-allocation of bandwidth for real-time data streams. 
  • RTP (Real Time Transport Protocol)
    • Schulzrinne et al. 1996
    • Application-level data transfer protocol that includes the details of the play time and other timing requirement in each packet.